您正在看的初中三年级是:阅读理解。 将短文搜索一遍寻找答案，这样反反复复不仅费时，而且由于缺乏对文章意思的全面了解，判断时往往有很大盲目性。

　　5、阅读短文时主要应捕捉内容要点，掌握大旨和作者意图，不要过分推敲语言点，否则难以作出正确的判断。

　　例2、阅读理解：根据短文内容选择正确答案。

　　Jim was a driver. He liked to grow flowers in his garden when he was free. One Sunday morning after breakfast he put on his old clothes and began digging in his garden at eight. He dug and dug. After half an hour he suddenly found a coin(硬币)near his foot. He was very glad. He put it in his right pocket. A few minutes later, he found another one. He put it in the same pocket, too. The same thing happened for the third, the fourth and the fifth time…He was very happy and told his wife about it. She was very happy, too,She said,“A thief (贼)took away a lot of coins from a shop a few days ago. The police caught him but they didn’t find any coins.”

　　Then Jim went on digging and found some more coins ,but just when he began to dig, he felt something cold in his trousers. It ran down one of his legs. He put his hand down quickly—and the coin came into his hand. Now he knew there was a hole in his pocket.

　　( )1、 There were some in Jim’s garden.

　　A. coins B. trees C. vegetables D. flowers

　　( )2、When did Jim find a coin in his garden? .

　　A. At 8:00 B. At about 8:30 C. At 9:30 D. At about 10:00

　　( )3、“He told his wife about it.”Here “it” means .

　　A、the police caught a thief B、he found money in his garden

　　C、the coins of a shop D、the hole in his trousers.

　　( )4、There was a hole in .

　　A、 his pockets B、his left pocket

　　C、his right pocket D、the pockets of his coat

　　( )5、How many coins did Jim dig out from the garden? .

　　A、Only one B、Five coins

　　C、Many coins D、No coin at all

　　[评析]：本题属于阅读理解选择题，是中考阅读理解最常见的题型。答题时考生要在正确理解短文内容的基础上，认真看清短文后的题目内容和要求，然后根据短文内容，运用分析、排除等方法选择正确答案。对短文中没有直接说明又无法从短文所提供的材料上明确作出判断的，就要在理解字面意思的基础上进行深入分析、推理，或联想短文材料以外的常识，加以考虑，从而推断出正确答案。例如，第2小题问吉姆什么时候在花园里发现一枚硬币?这在短文中没有直接说明。考生可以从短文提供的信息加以计算。短文中说吉姆8点开始在他的花园里锄地，半小时后他突然发现在他的脚边有一枚硬币，这样通过简单计算可以确定当时是八点半左右，所以B是应选的正确答案。再如第5小题问吉姆在他的花园里挖出多少枚硬币?从短文的字面意思看似乎吉姆挖到至少5枚以上的硬币。但通观全文，认真分析思考后可以发现，当吉姆挖到每一枚硬币后都将它放入他右边的口袋里，而最后他发觉有一枚硬币从他腿边滑下时才知道原来他的口袋有一个洞。根据生活常识可以推理，吉姆身上原来没有硬币，不然这硬币不可能在有破洞的口袋里半小时后才滑落下来，吉姆确实在花园里挖到一枚硬币，由于他将硬币放入他有破洞的口袋中，以致这枚硬币不断地从口袋中丢出，这样粗心的吉姆就误以为他挖到了许多硬币，高兴地把这消息告诉他的妻子。所以这道小题答案只能选A. Only one。本题的正确答案是：1、D 2、B 3、B 4、C 5、A。

　　阅读理解选择题的一般解题思路是：

　　1、通篇阅读、了解事实、掌握大意。先把短文从头到尾阅读一遍，找出文中表达中心意思的主题段和主题句，以明确短文所叙述的内容概况，把握全文脉络和中心思想。

　　2、弄清考点、逐句细读、判断选择。在正确理解短文内容的基础上，认真细读短文后的题目内容和要求，结合选择项弄清考查要点，然后带着题中的问题再参照原文相关的段落，逐句细读，认真推敲，最后着手进行判断选择，采用排除法找出正确答案。

　　3、复读全文、抓住要点、验证答案。在完成全部选择题后要复读短文核对答案。重点抓住所确定的选项内容，在理解字面意思的基础上由表及里地进一步深入分析推理，看是否与文章深层含义相符。凡有怀疑的应该重新分析、判断。

　　做阅读理解选择题时应注意如下几点：

　　1、试题各小题所提供的四个备选项，有的是语法、结构上有错误，有的是与短文意思不相符。解题时要把有结构、语法错误的先排除，再考虑是否符合短文内容。

　　2、对短文中的生词或看不懂的句子，应大胆根据构词法及上、下文意思进行猜测，尤其对涉及文中某个词或某个句子含义的选择试题，要根据文章所阐述的主要内容及上、下文内在逻辑关系，大胆分析推断，去伪存真选出正确答案。

　　3、对于涉及文章主旨、大意、作者意图及短文标题等选择试题，虽然短文中没有直接说明，可统观全文，通过短文所提供的材料或联想短文材料以外的常识，如结合已学过的自然、社会科学知识加以综合理解、分析推测或按作者的思路进行推理，从而且推断出正确答案。

　　4、做选择试题时一般先做在文中能直接找到依据的细节题，后做主旨题、推理题。这样在对语篇有更多领悟的基础上再进行推理判断和概括总结，把握性就更大。

　　5、阅读的顺序一般是先读短文，再看题目，然后逐题作答。若文章较长，也可以先将测试题目通览一遍，然后带着问题阅读文章。这样对与答题有关的段落、句子反应敏感，而对其他与答题无关的部分可以不必花费太多时间，阅读速度就可加快些。

　　例3、阅读理解：

　　Many people don’t understand how much water the human body needs to work well and many people do not drink enough especially (尤其)in hot weather. Most people drink when they are thirsty. But they often need more water especially when they take exercise.

　　A man’s body is 65to 70percent( 百分之……)water. If we do not have enough water,we feel tired and may become ill.

　　根据短文内容填空，每空限填一词。

　　The most important drink is 1 .People can 2 for a long time without food,but they will 3 if two or three days 4 water.In 5 weather,many people do not drink 6 water,because they don’t know how much water they 7 .People should know when they take exercise, they need 8 water.The water in the man’s body is 9 more than other matters(物质).We’d better have enough water, 10 we may get ill.

　　[评析]：本题属于阅读理解填空题。它要求在题后短文的空格上填上适当的词，使其所表达的意思与原短文内容一致。解题时先认真阅读所给的原短文。原短文很短且比较容易理解。其中心意思就是讲水对人体的重要性。掌握原文的内容后，再细读所给待填空补全的短文，逐句进行推敲，寻读原文中与之相关的句子，先确定空格处所填词的词义，再判定其词形。如第一空应填water ，很显然，这就是原文的中心大意。第2、3和4空应根据原文主旨和生活常识来判断。意思是人如果不吃饭可以活一段较长时间，而没有水喝，人2—3天后就会死亡。根据but意思转折，第2空填live，第3空应填die，第4空可从上半句without得到启示，很容易判定应填without。第5、6空应寻读原文中“many people do not drink enough especially in hot weather” ，经过比较对照后，可从中找到要填的词hot和enough。第7空可从原文第一句中得到启示，填上need。第8空可寻读原文中“they often need more water especially when they take exercise”填上more。第9空是根据原文中“A man’s body is 65-70 percent water”，填上much。第10空较难，应根据本句话前后句所包含的转折意思填上or。完成所填的词后，再将补全的短文与原文审读一遍，上下对比参照，逐一检查所填的词。本题正确答案为(1)water(2)live(3)d