您正在看的高中三年级是:非谓语动词（2）。 It is necessary for you to finish the work before Friday.你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工作。

　　His idea is for us to travel in different cars.他的主意是让我们乘不同的车去旅游。

　　由of 引出的不定式复合结构，经常与以下形容词连用：bold, brave, careless, civil, clever,

　　courageous, foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, rash, right, rude, stupid, silly, thoughtful, thoughtless,

　　wrong, wise等。

　　例如：It’s kind of you to say so.

　　It’s brave of you to go into the burning building to save the baby!你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿

　　▲不带to 的动词不定式

　　(1)在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等。

　　例如：The teacher often makes me rewrite the composition.老师常常让我把作文重写。

　　将该句转换成被动语态：I am often made by the teacher to rewrite the composition.

　　I heard her say that she was fed up.

　　(2)在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, can not but, cannot help but, do nothing but等。

　　例如：I’d better go now, or I’ll miss the train.

　　They can not but accept his advice.我只好接受他的建议。

　　(3)在except, but 之前有动词do作实义动词，则except, but 后一般接不带to的动词不定式，反之则接带to 的动词不定式。

　　例如：We have no choice but to wait.我们除了等待别无选择(我们只好等待)。

　　There is no choice but to go there.

　　There is nothing to do but to (to 可省略) read a book.

　　(4) 在why, why not结构中，紧接其后的动词不定式不带to

　　例如：Why argue with him?

　　Why not send those books back?为什么不把那些书送回去?

　　(二)动名词在句中充当的成分

　　(1)作主语

　　例如：Asking for help is sometimes necessary. 请求帮助有时是必要的。

　　Eating too much is not good for your health.吃得太多对你的健康不利。

　　Teaching offers something besides money and power.

　　(2)作补语、表语例如：

　　Seeing is believing.

　　We call such an act cheating.我们称这样的行为为作弊/欺骗行为。

　　(3)作以下及物动词及词组的的宾语

　　mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse，等等。短语动词：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，prevent…from，set about，can't help，be/get used to等;短语：be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing等

　　例如：The mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming across the river.冒险游过河

　　His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room but allows him to smoke outside the room.

　　他的妻子不允许在室内抽烟，但是允许他在室外抽。

　　All of them insisted on my staying with them a few days longer.

　　他们所有的人都坚持要我再跟他们多呆几天时间。

　　I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.

　　Being ill for a few days,she doesn't feel like eating anything.不想吃任何东西

　　另在want, need, require等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思(主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系)。

　　例如：My hair needs cutting. (= My hair needs to be cut.)

　　(5) 作定语。它与被修饰词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，通常只表示用途或与所修饰的名词有关的动作。

　　例如：The factory built a swimming pool last year.游泳池

　　Our teacher uses a very good teaching method.教学方法

　　(6) 作同位语。例如：His hobby, making model airplanes, is very interesting.

　　▲动名词的复合结构

　　动名词的复合结构由物主代词或名词所有格 + 动名词构成。如果不是在句子开头，这种结构常可以由名词的普通格或人称代词宾格 +动名词构成， 在句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

　　Do you mind my closing the door? Do you mind me closing the door?

　　My closing the door made him angry.

　　I can’t stand Lao Chang’s talking like that about other comrades.

　　▲动名词的某些固定结构

　　(1) It is + no use, no good(fun,a great pleasure, a waste of time,a bore...)等名词+doing sth.

　　It is no use crying.哭没有用。

　　It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。

　　It is a waste of time trying to eXPlain.设法解释是浪费时间。

　　(2)It is + useless+doing sth.

　　It is useless speaking.光说没用。

　　(3)There is no + v-ing “…是不可能的”。

　　例如：There is no knowing how old she is.(= I t is impossible to know how old she is.)

　　There is no telling where she’s gone.(= It is impossible / difficult to know where she’s gone.)

　　(4)make a point of + doing “认为…是必要的”

　　例如：Our family make a point of going to church every Sunday.(= Our family make it a rule to go to church every Sunday.)

　　(5)be on the point of + doing “濒临，将要…”

　　例如：He was on the point of leaving.

　　(6)on (upon) + doing “一…就…”

　　例如：On hearing the news, I changed my plans.(= As soon as I heard the news, I changed my plans.)

　　(7)go + doing (大部分指运动和游戏)

　　例如：He went shopping / hiking / swimming / fishing etc.

　　(8)动名词短语常用在以下结构中

　　have difficulty (in) + doing sth have trouble (in) + doing sth

　　have fun (in) + doing sth/ have a good time (in) + doing sth/have a hard time (in) + doing sth

　　例如：We have great difficulty (in) solving the problem.我们解决这个问题有困难。

　　(9)feel like + 名词“想要”=would like to +原形动词

　　例如：Do you feel like going to a mov