您正在看的高中三年级是:非谓语动词（2）。 。分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句。一般位于句首。

　　I am sorry to hear that you are not well.

　　I'm very sorry to have kept you waiting so long.让你久等了

　　We are greatly delighted to have a native as our guide.

　　Being (=Since he was) ill all last year, he lived in a sanatorium.

　　There being no enough money, he couldn't buy the dictionary that he wanted. 由于没有钱

　　Having (=Since they had) been asked to stay, they couldn't possibly leave right away.

　　Moved (=As he was moved) by the heroic deeds of the PLA man, he burst into tears.

　　(4).条件状语：通常用分词来表示，相当于条件状语从句。一般位于句首。

　　Turning (=If you turn) to the left，you will see the post office.

　　United (=If we are united), we stand; divided (=if we are divided), we fall.

　　Given (=If he had been given) more time, he would be able to do better.

　　(5).结果状语从句：不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+as to，such+名词+as to，too…to，enough to和only to等结构。现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词的结果。

　　He arrived late to find the train gone.

　　I worked late into the night, only to find I had not finished half of the job.

　　He was so friendly as to be always helpful to his neighbors.

　　His is such a sad story as to arouse out sympathy.

　　I ran faster than ever, reaching the schoolyard quite out of breath.

　　The man died young, leaving nothing but debt.

　　(6).让步状语：通常由过去分词来表示，而且前面通常有表示让步意义的though。

　　Though wounded, the soldier managed to get to the village safely.

　　Though warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.

　　(7).伴随或方式状语：分词作伴随状语通常位于句尾，表示谓语动词正在所处主动或被动的状态。

　　Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.

　　She came running towards us.

　　They walked along the streets, talking and laughing.

　　He went into the house, followed by some children.

　　He continued to walk up and down, lost in thought.

　　四、关于there be 的非谓语形式

　　there be非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语

　　1)作动词宾语时，通常用there to be结构，而不用there being。能这样用的及物动词为：eXPect，like，mean，intend，want，prefer，hate等，如：

　　We don't want there to be any comrades lagging behind.我们不希望有任何同志掉队。

　　They hate there to be long queues everywhere..他们不愿意处处都要排长队。

　　We have no objection to there being a meeting here.我们并不反对在这里开会。

　　2)作状语多用there being结构，但若置于介词for之后要用there to be

　　There being nobody else at hand,I had to do by myself.由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。(原因状语)

　　It’s too early for there to be anybody up.太早了，还不会有人起床。(作程度状语)

　　There having been no rain for a long time，the ground was very dry.

　　因为好长时间没下雨了，地面非常干燥。(原因状语)

　　3)作主语时两种结构都可以，但如是用for引导则要用there to be.

　　It is not uncommon for there to be problems of communication between old and young.

　　老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。

　　There being a kindergarten on campus is a great convenience to female teachers.

　　校园内有儿园对女教师十分方便。

　　2006届高三非谓语动词复习(学生版)

　　一、概述

　　2、 基本形式的变化：

　　不定式：

　　时态 主动态 被动态

　　一般式

　　进行式

　　完成式

　　例1：John said that he had run in order to catch the bus.

　　例2：He hated to be misunderstood by others.

　　例3：He pretended to be listening attentively.

　　例4：He intended to have told you that.

　　例5：This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago.

　　V-ing形式：

　　时态 主动态 被 动 态

　　一般式

　　完成式

　　不及物动词没有被动式

　　动名词

　　例1：I am sure of his coming in time. (= ____________________)

　　例2：He is proud of being selected as monitor. (= ________________)

　　例3：I’m confident of his having passed the exam. (= ______________________)

　　例4：He complained of having been cheated by others.

　　现在分词

　　例1：He sat in a chair,___________(read) a novel.

　　例2：________(exhaust)by work, he fell asleep quickly.

　　例3：________(finish)his homework, he went playing

　　例4：All this _______ (settle),he went home.

　　2、所做成分

　　项目/成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语

　　动词的ing形式 现在分词

　　动名词

　　不定式

　　过去分词

　　二、基本知识

　　(一)动词不定式在句中充当的成分

　　(1)作主语。

　　例如：To see once is better than to h