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Food and drink
您正在看的初中一年级是:Food and drink。

  Ⅰ.首先用英语回答几个问题:

  ⒈What day is it today? 或者说:What day is today?

  ⒉What’s the date today?

  ⒊Who is on duty doday?

  ⒋Is everyone here today? 或者说:Are we (you) all here today?

  ⒌Who is not here today? 或者说:Who is not at school today?

  参考答案

  ⒈It’s Monday today. 或者说:Today in Monday.

  ⒉It’s February 21,2000. (It’s February the twenty-first,2000)

  ⒊Wei Fang is an duty today.

  ⒋Yes, everyone is here today. / Yes, we are. 或No, we aren’t.

  ⒌Li Lei is not here today. / Li Lei is not at school today.

  在问完以上这些问题之后再加上一个新的句子:I have a new watch, today?

  给同学看:This is my new watch. Do you like it?

  I have a new watch. Do you like it?是本单元的重点句型之一。

  have是有的意思,但是它有人称的变化,请看下面人称与have的关系。

  I have a new watch. 我有一块新表。We have some new books. 我们有一些新书。

  They have two children. 他们有两个孩子。You have a god teacher. 你们有一位好老师。

  以上的人称都可以have表示“有”。再请看下列各句:

  She has a sister. 她有一个妹妹。He has a little dog.他有一只小狗。

  Tom has a happy family. 汤姆有一个幸福的家庭。

  以上例句的主语都属于第三人称单数形式,因此动词have就变了has.

  Ⅱ. 本单元中出现了可数名词和不可数名词的用法,先请看下列单词

  rice(米饭,大米) tea(茶) bread(面包) milk(牛奶) meat(肉) water(水) orange(桔汁)

  以上这些单词都是不可数名词,在英语当中,名词分两种:可数名词(单数形式、复数形式)、不可数名词(只有单数形式)。不可数名词虽然没有复数形式,但加上一个相应的量词就可以表示出多数了。

  比如:a bowl of rice一碗米饭 a cup of tea一杯茶

  two bowls of rice两碗米饭 three cups of tea三杯茶

  a piece of bread一片面包 a bottle of milk一瓶牛奶

  some pieces of bread几片面包 many bottles of milk许多瓶牛奶

  a glass of water一杯水 a bottle of orange一瓶桔汁

  two glasses of water两杯水 four bottles of orange四瓶桔汁

  不可数名词表示多数时必须加上一个相应的量词,复数必须加在量词的后面,而不可数名词的后面永远不能加复数。除此之外不可数名词前面还经常用some(一些)和any(任何)两个词表示数量。

  比如:I have some bread and a glass of milk. 我吃了一些面包和一杯牛奶。

  但some多用于肯定句中,any用在否定和疑问句中,请比较下列各句。

  ⒈There are some bread on the table.

  ⒉Is there any water in the glass?

  第一句是陈述句(肯定句)用some表示,一些面包。第二句用于问句中的any,表示任何。但在中文当中可以不翻译出来,只是疑问句中习惯用any。此句被译为:杯子里有水吗?不要译成杯子里有任何水吗?

  在some后面加上单词thing就变成了另外一个单词something(某事)

  在any后面加上单词thing就变成了另外一个单词anything(任何事物)

  但它们的用法与some,any的用法一样,something用于肯定句,而anything用于否定句中,但是在下面的句型当中用法特殊。请看下面一组对话。

  A:Can I help you?

  B:Yes, Er, What would you like?

  C:I don’t know.

  B:Well, Would you like something to drink? What about a glass of milk?

  C:No ,thanks. I think I’d like a bottle of orange.

  这一组对话中的something to drink这一句话不要看成是一般疑问句型。这是一种表示请示或者建议的特殊句型,因此不能用anything。还有类似的表示建议的句子:

  Would you like something to eat? 你要不要吃点什么?

  Could you tell me something about your class? 你可以告诉我有关你们班里的事情吗?

  这里的Would like是“想要”的意思,比want要婉转,客气些。比如服务员询问顾客想要什么等场合,常说“What would you like?”回答时用I’d (would) like….。

  例如:①A:What would you like? 你想要什么?B:I ‘d like an eraser. 我想要一块橡皮。

  ②A:What would you like to drink? 您想喝点什么?

  B:I’d (would) like to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。

  ③A:Would you like a glass of milk? 您想喝杯牛奶吗?

  B:Yes, please. 是的,请给我拿一杯吧。

  No, thanks. 不喝,谢谢您。

  这些句型都表示客气的邀请,请求,证求对方的意见等等。

  刚才我们讲到不可数名词常与There are句型连用。

  比如:There is some orange in the bottle. 这个瓶子时有些桔汁。

  There are two cups of coffee on the table. 桌子上有两杯咖啡。

  在特殊疑问句中它们常与How many和How much连用。

  例如:①How much milk is there in the bottle? 牛奶不可数,因此用How much来表示多少。回答:There is a little milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点牛奶。

  ②How many bottles of milk are there in the box?这个箱子里有多少瓶牛奶?

  回答:There are five bottles of milk in the box. 这个箱子里有五瓶牛奶。

  ③How many bananas can you see in the basket? 你能看见蓝子里有多少香蕉?

  回答:I can see many bananas in the basket. 我看见蓝子里有许多香蕉。

  以上三组问答中用了相同的句型,但要注意不同的问题要用不同的回答方式。这是在应用中经济出现的问题。How many+可数名词的复数形式。How much+不可数名词。

  Ⅲ. 练习部分

  A:请把下面的短语译成中文:

  ⒈a cup of tea _____ ⒉a glass of milk ______

  ⒊a bottle of water _____ ⒋two pieces of bread ____

  ⒌three pieces of meat ______ ⒍a bottle of orange _____

  ⒎some cakes ______ ⒏some rice _______

  ⒐What about some cakes? ______ ⒑something to drin

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