【知识点】
1 单词和词组:
四会单词和词组:shoot (n .) , now that 既然 , take possession of 占有,拥有,have an effect on / upon 对……产生影响 ,unpleasant 使人不愉快的 ,telegraph
三会单词和词组:plain (n .) , object (v .) , suitcase ,a handful of 少量的,turn away 把……打发走,tear down 拆毁,拆除
2 日常交际用语:
Offers
Can/May/Could/Shall I help you?
What can I do for you?
Would you like me to…?
Is there anything (else) I can do for you?
Do you want me to…?
Let me… (for you).
Would you like some…?
Responses
Thanks./Yes, please.
That would be nice/fine.
That's very kind of you.
Thanks for your help.
No, thanks. (I can manage it myself.)
That's very kind of you, but….
Thank you all the same.
3 语法:
复习和归纳句子的成分-主语。
【重点难点讲解】
1,In 1626 the island of Manhattan was bought from local Indians, Native Americans, for a handful of goods worth about$24. 曼哈顿岛是于1626年从当地的印地安人(即美洲土著人)手中买来的,只花了价值约为24美元的为数不多的货物。
1)a handful of… 一把,一撮;少数(人或物)。例如:
She put a handful of sweets on the desk and asked me to eat.她抓了一把糖果放在书桌上,请我吃。
The little boy got a handful of rice to feed the chickens. 小男孩拿了一把米来喂小鸡。
Only a handful of people attended the dance.只有少数几个人参加了舞会。
2)…goods worth about$24意为"价值约为24美元的货物"。其中的 worth是形容词,作"价值为"、"值得"解,后跟名词或动词-ing形式,构成后置定语,修饰它前面的名词。例如:
He bought a coat worth over ¥1,000. 他买了一件价值为一千多元的大衣。
New York is a city worth a visit/ visiting. 纽约是一座值得看一看的城市。
worth 也可作表语,构成"be worth sth./ doing sth."结构。例如:
The coat isn't worth over ¥1,000. 这件大衣值不得一千多元。
New York is worth a visit/ visiting. 纽约是值得看一看的。
2,After the War of Independence ended, New York became the capital of the USA for a short time (1789-90) before Washington, D. C.
独立战争结束以后,在华盛顿成为首都之前,纽约市曾经一度是美国的首都,不过时间很短(1989-90)。
3,By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000, making it the largest city in the USA.到1820年,纽约市的人口增长到12.5万人左右,使它成了当时美国最大的城市。
1)句中的by有"before(在……之前)"或"not later than(不迟于)"的意思,表示"在(某时)前"或"到某时"已发生某事或出现某种情况,谓语动词多用完成时态。句中的" 1820年"是过去时间,所以谓语动词用过去完成时 had grown。又如。
By 5 p.m. yesterday they had already done half of the work.
到昨天下5点钟以前,他们已经完成了工作任务的一半。
By the end of last term, we had learned about 1,500 English words and phrases.
到上学期末,我们已经学了 1,500个英语单词和短语。
She had finished her composition by the time I came home.
在我回到家里以前,她已经完成了作文。
By next Sunday we'11 have made a plan for performance.
到下个星期天我们将订出演出计划。
2)句中的 … making it the largest city in the USA 是-ing形式短语,作状语,表示结果。此处 make作"使成为"解,后跟由名词或形容词构成的复合结构。例如:
Jack had all work but no play, making him a dull boy.杰克只学不玩,这使得他成为一个呆笨的孩子。
The hurricane brought down a great number of houses, making thousands of people homeless.
飓风刮倒了大批房屋,使得成千上万的人无家可归。
Her husband died in the war, making her a widow with four children.
他的丈夫在战争中牺牲了,使她成为带着4个孩子的寡妇。
4,In 1858 an area of poor housing, factories and farm buildings was torn down and Central Park was created, reaching from 59th Street to 110th Street and across three avenues.
1858年拆除了一大片破旧的房屋、 工厂和农舍,建起了中央公园,这个公园从59街延伸到110街,跨越三条大马路。
tear(tore,torn)是动词,作"撕开,扯掉"解。短语动词 tear down作"撕下,拆毁"解。例如:
Don't tear down the notice, please. 请不要扯掉这个布告。
The workmen tore down the old house and built a new one in its place. 工人拆毁旧屋,并在原地另盖新屋。
The city will tear down these buildings to make room for the new highway.
市政当局要拆毁这些建筑物,以让出地方修筑新的公路。
5,In 1892 the age of mass arrivals began, during which 15 million new people passed throuph Ellis Island into the USA over a period of 62 years. 1892 年开始了一个国外移民大量涌入的年代,在随后的62年中,有1,500万新来的人通过埃利斯岛进入美国。
1)during which 15 million new people…62 years 是非限制性定语从句,during which=during the age of mass arrivals.这个定语从句修饰先行词 the age,从句与先行词之间被谓语动词 began 隔开,这种从句叫分隔式定语从句。例如:
The days will come soon when people have enough to eat and to wear.人们丰衣足食的日子是会很快到来的。
In one night, the city of Tangshan was destroyed, in which about 240,000 people d
The USA