您正在看的高中二年级是:Saving the earth。

　　12.A cloud of radiation crossed the whole of Europe.It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia as aresult of illnesses caused by this accident.一团带有辐射的尘埃穿越了整个欧洲。据说，在俄罗斯有125000人由于这次事故引起的疾病而死亡。

　　▲ as a result of 与 on the result of同意，表示“由于…的结果”，前者较常用。

　　As a result of what we saw,we decided to change the rules.鉴于我们所看到的情况，我们决定更改规则。

　　He was late for school as a result of snow.由于下雪，他上课迟到了。

　　【注】as a result of 与as a result意思不同，前者后接原因，后者接结果。比较下列句子：

　　He didn’t work hard at his lessons,as a result, he failed in the exam.他没有努力学习，结果考试不及格。

　　He failed in the exam as a result of not working hard at his lessons.他考试不及格，是由于他不努力学习。

　　We had to stay at home as a result of the heavy rain.由于下大雨，我们不得不呆在家里。

　　It was raining heavily, as a result, we had to stay at home.雨下得很大，结果，我们不得不呆在家里。

　　13.In 1984there was a serious accident at a factory in India and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal. Over 25000 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured.Many of the injured lost their sights.1984年印度一家工厂发生了一起严重的事故，一团有危险的气体笼罩着波普尔市，当晚就又25000多人死亡，有成千上万人受伤，受伤者中有许多人双目失明。

　　▲the injured 指受伤的人， injured是过去分词，相当于一个形容词。英语中形容词前加定冠词表示一类人或事物。

　　the poor穷人 the rich富人 the young年轻人 the old老年人 the blind盲人

　　上面的这类词可以作主语或宾语，作主语时当复数看。

　　The rich are not always happy.富人并不总是幸福的。

　　The young are the hope of the country.年轻人是国家的希望。

　　The old will be replaced by the new.旧的东西将被新的东西代替。

　　Respect the old and love the young.尊老爱幼。

　　【注】以 –ed结尾的形容词，可以指一类人，也可指一个人。如： The unemployed had to make a living by themselves.失业的人不得不自谋生计。

　　In those days most of the employed were poorly paid.在那些日子里，大多数受雇者工资很低。

　　14.Water pollution is caused by waste from factories and cities. Oceans are able to clean themselves ,but certain seas,once they become dirty,are not able to do so.水的污染是由于工厂和城市的废物而引起的。大洋能够自身清除污染，但是某些海域一旦被污染，却没有自身清污能力。

　　▲ Clean作动词时意为“打扫，弄干净”。

　　Please clean the blackboard.清擦黑板。

　　Please clean the Windows as I can hardly see out.请把窗子擦干净，我几乎看不见外面了。

　　I must have this suit cleaned.我得把这套衣服拿去洗一下。

　　▲请注意clean与 clear 作动词时的区别，clean意为“打扫干净”，而 clear意为“(把不必要的东西)拿走”，“清除”。例：

　　Clear these things from the table, please.请把桌上的东西收走。

　　Whose job is to clear snow from the road?把路上的雪清除掉的是谁的工作?

　　We must clear the room before our guests arrived.在客人到来之前我们必须把房间腾出来。

　　▲ Clear作不及物动词时意为“晴朗起来”。

　　It is clearing gradually.天慢慢放晴了。

　　We spent an hour in the airports waiting for the weather to clear.我们在机场等了一个钟头等后天晴。

　　▲clean和 clear作形容词时意思也不一样。Clean意为“清洁的”，clear意为“清晰的”。

　　15.One example is the Mediterranean which lies between Europe and Africa. It has only one narrow entrance to the ocean in the west.位于欧洲和非洲之间的地中海就是一个例子。它只在西部有一个狭窄的通往大洋的入口。

　　▲ lie是不及物动词，意为“位于”，“在。。。处”

　　The Straits of Dover lie between France and England.多佛海峡位于英国和法国之间。

　　The town lies to the north of the city.这个镇在城的北边。

　　Their village lies at the foot of the mountain.他们的村子位于山脚下。

　　【注】lie的过去式是lay，过去分词是lain，要特别注意lie的过去式lay与另一个动词原形 lay(放、置)的区别，后者是及物动词，其过去式和过去分词是laid。

　　An oil pipe is being laid between the two cities.在两座城市之间正在铺设一条油管。

　　An oil pipe lies between the two cities.两座城市之间有一条油管。

　　They laid him gently down on the bed.他们把他轻轻的放在床上。

　　He was lying on the bed,reading.他躺在床上看书。

　　A bridge is to be laid across the river.河上将要架一座桥。

　　A bridge is lying across the river.河上有一座桥。

　　16.One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted and are no longer safe for swimming, as a lot of diseases are present in the water. In most places it is not safe to eat the fish.四分之一的地中海海岸被污染了，而且由于水中带有大量病菌，所以在水中游泳就不再安全了。大多数地方，吃鱼也不保险。