您正在看的英语语法是:非谓语动词。

　　非谓语动词是高中语法的重点，也是难点，学生常常对此感到头疼。其实只要理解并掌握非谓语动词各种形式的特点，做起题来会很轻松。我们在熟悉知道了非谓语动词形式后，做题时可分四步分析。

　　一、分析句子结构

　　1. ________many times , but he still couldn't understand it .

　　2. ________many times , he still couldn't understand it .

　　A. Having been told . B. He was told C. Told D. Though he had been told

　　3. ________to the left , you'll find the post office . 4. If you ________to the left , you'll find the post office . 5. ________to the left , and you'll find the post office .

　　A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned

　　二、分析逻辑主语

　　确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。

　　1. ________no buses , we have to walk home .

　　A. There being B. It were C. There were D. It being

　　2. ______Sunday I shall have a quiet day at home .

　　分析：句1. 表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“there be”结构，即逻辑主语是“there”，故选A 。句2. 同理选D。

　　三、分析语态

　　分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。

　　1. ______from space , the earth looks blue .

　　2.______from space , we can see the earth is blue .

　　A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See

　　这两个题选项中的非谓语动词都没有加自己的逻辑主语,因此其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。

　　分析：句1. “地球”被“看起来”，表被动，故选A，用过去分词表被动。句2. 我们“主动看……”即表主动，故选B。

　　3. The dirty clothes ______ , the girl hung them up outside .

　　4. ______ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside . A. was washed B. washed C.were washed D.having washed

　　分析：句3. 前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语是“the dirty clothes”，和动词搭配表示“衣服被洗”，故选B。

　　句4. 逻辑主语为句子的主语“the girl”，表示“女孩洗衣服”，为主动关系，故选D。

　　四、分析时态，在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态。

　　1. The building ______now will be a restaurant .

　　2. The building ______next year will be a restaurant .

　　3. The building ______last year is a restaurant.

　　A. having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built

　　句1中 now 说明大楼正在被修，故用进行式，选C。

　　句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来的不定式，选B。

　　句3中 last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词，选D。

　　又如：

　　1. He stood there______for his mother .

　　2. ______for two hours , he went away .

　　A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D.Having waited

　　句1表示“站在那等”，两个动词同时发生，故选A作伴随状语。

　　句2表示已经等了两个小时，发生在谓语动词“went away ”之前，故用完成式，选D 。

　　需要注意的是，非谓语动词的否定也是常考的项目，要认清否定形式，非谓语动词的否定都应将not 放在前面。

　　如：

　　What is the reason for ______there ?

　　A. not your going B. not your go C. your not going D. you not to go

　　巩固练习:

　　1. ______won't be of much help .

　　A .Tom's going B. Tom going C. Tom to go D. Tom goes

　　2. They managed _____the meeting room before the guests arrived.

　　A. finishing to clean B. finishing cleaning C. to finish cleaning D. to finish to clean

　　3. We must find a room big enough _____.

　　A. for all of us to live B. for all of us to live inC. to live in all of us D. of all of us to live

　　4. _____a teacher , I should set a good example to students .

　　A. Being B. Having been C. To be D. As I being

　　5. _____a teacher ,one must first be their pupil .

　　A. Being B. Having been C. To be D. To have been

　　6. It was stupid _____ your advice.

　　A. for me not to take B. for me not takingC. of me not to take D. of me not taki