英语语法《语法全程辅导与训练》 - 英语学堂

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语法全程辅导与训练

来源：天天加油　　更新时间：2008-4-6

您正在看的英语语法是:语法全程辅导与训练。

ed the apartment, or they ____ so long.

　　 A) wouldn't B) won't stay C) wouldn't have stayed D) didn't stay

　　 答案是(C)。因为otherwise，or等于if not，相当于if 条件句。

　　 5)"If it were not for…"是常见的虚拟条件句的句型，意思是"要不是……"相当于but for，without。

　　如：例37 If it ____the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy life today.

　　A) not for B) were not for C) were not D) be not for

　　答案是(B)。

　　(2)由wish 引起的虚拟语气

　　1) 若wish引导的宾语从句表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语为：be动词一般用were，但在非正式场合，特别是在口语中，从句的主语是第一、三人称单数时，be动词也可用was;行为动词用动词过去式。如： I wish that he weren't (wasn't)so lazy. I wish that he were(was) a teacher. I wish I met my uncle now. How I wish it wasn't raining. I wish I remembered the address. I wish I were(was)as strong as you.

　　2) 表示过去不能实现的愿望，宾语从句的谓语用had + 过去分词或could/would + have + 过去分词。

　　如：例38 I wish I ____ to study mathematics years ago.

　　A) could start B) had started C) can start D) started

　　答案是(B)。

　　又如： I wish I could have met my uncle yesterday. 我希望我昨天能见到我舅舅。

　　3)表示将来的愿望，宾语从句用"would/could + 动词原形"。如： I wish that the rain would stop. I wish I could meet my uncle tomorrow. 4) if only 引导的虚拟条件句。 if only 的用法与wish相同，

　　如： If only I had more money! If only I hadn't lost it. If only the rain would stop!

　　(3)虚拟语气在名词从句中的应用名词性从句中的虚拟语气，从句的谓语一般采用(should)+ 动词原形，should 常常被省略。

　　1)主语从句。形式：It is + adj./ed分词 + that + 主语 + (should)+ 动词原形

　　例39 It is necessary that an efficient worker ____ his work on time.

　　A) accomplishes B) accomplish C) can accomplish D) has accomplished

　　答案是(B)。在主语从句中的虚拟形式中，它的提示点是it is和that 之间的形容词或ed分词，常见的形容词或分词有：essential，urgent，necessary，important，advisable，natural，desirable，preferable，possible，strange，vital，desired，demanded，requested，suggested，required。

　　2)宾语从句中的虚拟语气。形式：主句 + that + 主语 + (should)+ 动词原形

　　例40 He ordered that parking ____ on main street during the rush hour.

　　A) be prohibiting B) is prohibited C) be prohibited D) was prohibited

　　答案是(C)。主句中常用的动词有：ask，demand，require，request，advise，recommend，insist，desire，determine，propose，suggest，urge，order。

　　3)表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气。这两类从句的使用主要与有关名词的含义密切相关，这类名词常见的有：advice，command，demand，desire，urge，order，motion，proposal，suggestion，recommendation，resolution，preference。从句中的谓语多用(should + )动词原形。

　　例41 The mother rejected my suggestion that she ____ her daughter the next week.

　　A) met B) meets C) would meet D) meet

　　答案是(D)。

　　(4)虚拟语气的其它用法。

　　1)"It is (about, high) time …"用来表示对现在或将来事实的一种虚拟。从句中的谓语用动词过去式或用(should +) 动词原形。

　　例42 He is already 40, and it's about time he ____ himself a wife and settled down.

　　A) finds B) found C) is finding D) had found

　　答案是(B)。

　　又如： It is high time that we (should)put an end to this controversy. 现在的确是我们停止这个争论的时候了。 It is time we stopped (should stop)this practice. 现在是我们结束这种做法的时候了。

　　2)would/had rather，would sooner引导的从句表示"愿望"时，从句的谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来的事实相反;用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反。

　　例43 I'd rather you ____ anything about it for the time being.

　　A) do B) don't C) didn't do D) didn't

　　 答案是(C)。

　　又如： I would rather you had not gone there. 你要是没去那里就好了。(与过去事实相反。) I would rather you stayed at home now. 我希望你现在留在家中。(与现在事实相反。) I would rather you came tomorrow. 我希望你明天来。(与将来事实相反。)

　　3)虚拟语气用于as if，as though引起的让步状语从句中，其形式与wish从句的相同。

　　如：例44 Alan talked about Rome as if he ____ there.

　　A) has been B) had been C) were D) was

　　答案是(B)。

　　例45 She loves the children in the kindergarden as if they ____ her own.

　　A) are B) were C) has been D) be

　　答案是(B)。

　　4) 虚拟语气用于in case，lest，for fear that引起的状语从句中，其形式为：should + 动词原形。如： He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain. She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold.

　　虚拟语气测试

　　1) It is required that a graduate student ____ a grade point average of "B" in his major field.

　　 shall maintainmaintainswill maintainmaintain

　　2) ________for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.

　　 Not beingHad it not beenWithout beingNot having been

　　3) To be frank, I'd rather you ____ in the case.

　　 will not be involvednot involvednot to be involvedwere not involved

　　4) I propose that Mr. Lu ____there to do the work.

　　 be sentsendwill be sentto send

　　5) One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ____ to its burning temperature.

　　 is heatedbe heatedwill be heatedwould be heated

　　6) If only the letter