您正在看的商务英语是:中级商务英语。

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Unit 1
Project Reporting
Tense Review
Focus: Two colleagues discussing the progress of a marketing campaign
1. Listening

1.1 Information transfer
Listen to the dialogue in which two colleagues discuss the progress of a marketing campaign. As you listen, complete the key for the project planner below.
请见附图1-1

1.2 Communication
In the listening extract, the speakers had a clearly defined relationship-boss/subordinate. What made this so clear?

2. Presentation
In the dialogue, the speakers used a range of tenses to talk about different events:
l The Past Simple
l The Present Perfect
l The Present Simple
l The Present Continuous
l Future forms with ‘will’ and ‘going to’.

We can position the tense usage on a time continuum:
请见附图1-2

Look in detail at how these tenses are used:

2.1 The Past Simple
This tense can be used to describe a state, or an event or a series of events which took place clearly in the past.
For example:
We ran the market test for 2 months, until the middle of November.
What were the results like?... sales reached their target.

2.2 The Present Perfect
This tense is used when we refer to an event or time period which is unfinished. It is not used when a past time (e.g. last week/last year/when we started/at the beginning) is stated.
For example:
So what has gone wrong? (e.g. since then/in the meantime/recently)
Basically we ’ve had problems... scaling up for the national launch has been much more difficult... e.g. until now)

2.3 The Present Simple
This tense is commonly used when we refer to states, events or activities which are characteristic of the present but which do not take place in any defined time period. Here, it is often used with verbs of perception (e.g. to think, to feel, to look, etc.).
(Note that verbs of perception are rarely eXPressed using the Present Continuous.)
For example:
It seems that they’ve run into difficulties...

2.4 The Present Continuous
This tense is used when we refer to an event which is current or temporary.
For example:
At the moment, we’re working on some new promotion literature,...
We’ve having to update it.

2.5 Future forms
There are several verb forms which are used when we refer to future events.
For example:
We’re going to hold both national and local press...
... promotion literature, which will be used in...

Listening Task
A: OK, let’s go back to the original plan and see where we have got to. The preliminary market test was due to start last September, is that right?
B: Yes, that’s right. We set up a small-scale trial in the North. We ran the market test for 2 months, until the middle of November.
A: And what were the results like?
B: Very enc